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USGS Cobalt Mine Production and Reserves by Country
USGS Cobalt Mine Production and Reserves by Country. Reserves are the economically recoverable part of known deposits under current conditions, not all geological resources. Production and reserves are separated because their scales differ; 2025 output is estimated and unavailable reserves remain blank. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Mine production
Reserves
- Reserves are the economically recoverable part of known deposits under current conditions, not all geological resources.
- Production and reserves are separated because their scales differ; 2025 output is estimated and unavailable reserves remain blank.
- Data through:
- MCS 2026 · 2025 estimate
- Frequency:
- Annual
- Units:
- metric tons Co content
USGS World Cobalt Mine and Refinery Production History
USGS World Cobalt Mine and Refinery Production History. Mine production measures cobalt recovered from ores; refinery production measures refined cobalt output, so the two series are not additive. The long USGS history is best used for structural trends because older estimates may be revised as methods and coverage change. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
World production
- Mine production measures cobalt recovered from ores; refinery production measures refined cobalt output, so the two series are not additive.
- The long USGS history is best used for structural trends because older estimates may be revised as methods and coverage change.
- Data through:
- 2021
- Frequency:
- Annual
- Units:
- metric tons Co content
USGS Long-term U.S. Cobalt Supply, Consumption and Unit Values
USGS Long-term U.S. Cobalt Supply, Consumption and Unit Values. Apparent consumption is a supply-balance estimate of cobalt available to U.S. users, not a direct survey of final demand. Supply, consumption and unit values use separate panels; nominal dollars and constant-1998 dollars must not be added. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Supply and trade
Consumption
Stocks
Unit values
- Apparent consumption is a supply-balance estimate of cobalt available to U.S. users, not a direct survey of final demand.
- Supply, consumption and unit values use separate panels; nominal dollars and constant-1998 dollars must not be added.
- Data through:
- 2021
- Frequency:
- Annual
- Units:
- metric tons Co content / USD per metric ton
USGS Recent U.S. Cobalt Supply and Demand
USGS Recent U.S. Cobalt Supply and Demand. Apparent consumption is a supply-balance estimate, while estimated consumption reflects reported industrial use; they are related but not identical. Supply, consumption, prices, stocks and import reliance use separate panels; 2025 values are USGS estimates. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Supply and trade
Consumption
Prices
Stocks
Net import reliance
- Apparent consumption is a supply-balance estimate, while estimated consumption reflects reported industrial use; they are related but not identical.
- Supply, consumption, prices, stocks and import reliance use separate panels; 2025 values are USGS estimates.
- Data through:
- MCS 2026 · 2025 estimate
- Frequency:
- Annual
- Units:
- metric tons Co content / USD per lb / percent
USGS U.S. Cobalt Import Sources
USGS U.S. Cobalt Import Sources. Bars show the average 2021–24 country shares of U.S. imports of cobalt metal, oxide and salts, not current monthly market shares. Other countries is an explicit residual so the displayed shares sum to 100%; country names are translated only for display. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Import-source share
- Bars show the average 2021–24 country shares of U.S. imports of cobalt metal, oxide and salts, not current monthly market shares.
- Other countries is an explicit residual so the displayed shares sum to 100%; country names are translated only for display.
- Data through:
- 2021–24 average
- Frequency:
- 2021–24 average
- Units:
- percent
IMF Monthly Cobalt Spot Price
IMF Monthly Cobalt Spot Price. The IMF series is the monthly nominal U.S.-dollar price per metric ton for minimum 99.80% purity LME spot cobalt. Year-over-year change is derived from the price 12 months earlier and is shown separately from the price level. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Cobalt spot price
Year-over-year change
- The IMF series is the monthly nominal U.S.-dollar price per metric ton for minimum 99.80% purity LME spot cobalt.
- Year-over-year change is derived from the price 12 months earlier and is shown separately from the price level.
- Data through:
- 2026-06
- Frequency:
- Monthly
- Units:
- USD per metric ton / percent
USGS Monthly LME Cobalt Warehouse Stocks
USGS Monthly LME Cobalt Warehouse Stocks. LME stocks are end-of-month cobalt held in exchange warehouses, not total inventories across the global supply chain. U.S. and non-U.S. warehouse components are shown with the official total; the series currently ends in December 2025. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
LME warehouse stocks
- LME stocks are end-of-month cobalt held in exchange warehouses, not total inventories across the global supply chain.
- U.S. and non-U.S. warehouse components are shown with the official total; the series currently ends in December 2025.
- Data through:
- 2025-12
- Frequency:
- Monthly
- Units:
- metric tons Co content
USGS Monthly U.S. Cobalt Trade
USGS Monthly U.S. Cobalt Trade. Product-form trade is gross weight, while the cobalt-content totals estimate contained metal; these measures are kept in separate panels. Official values below half a ton remain missing with a qualifier instead of being turned into zero; imports and exports are not netted. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Principal-form imports
Additional-form imports
Gross-weight exports
Cobalt content
- Product-form trade is gross weight, while the cobalt-content totals estimate contained metal; these measures are kept in separate panels.
- Official values below half a ton remain missing with a qualifier instead of being turned into zero; imports and exports are not netted.
- Data through:
- 2025-12
- Frequency:
- Monthly
- Units:
- gross metric tons / metric tons Co content
IEA Cobalt Demand Outlook by Scenario and Use
IEA Cobalt Demand Outlook by Scenario and Use. IEA means the International Energy Agency, and GCMO means Global Critical Minerals Outlook, its critical-minerals outlook edition. CPS reflects current policies, STEPS stated policies and HDS high demand. They are alternative scenarios and must not be added together. The first panel compares scenario totals. The stacked bars split STEPS into electric vehicles, grid storage, other low-emissions technologies and other uses. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Total demand by policy scenario
STEPS demand by end use
- IEA means the International Energy Agency, and GCMO means Global Critical Minerals Outlook, its critical-minerals outlook edition.
- CPS reflects current policies, STEPS stated policies and HDS high demand. They are alternative scenarios and must not be added together.
- The first panel compares scenario totals. The stacked bars split STEPS into electric vehicles, grid storage, other low-emissions technologies and other uses.
- Data through:
- IEA GCMO 2026 · outlook to 2050
- Frequency:
- Five-year scenario points · annual outlook edition
- Units:
- thousand tonnes of cobalt
This data is provided for general informational purposes only and may not be entirely accurate. All investment decisions are solely the responsibility of the investor, and we assume no liability for any losses arising from the use of this data. Please consult a qualified professional if necessary.