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Iron Ore Investment Chart Overview
Explore global iron ore production and reserves, long-term output, U.S. supply and trade, product flows, import sources and international spot prices using official USGS and World Bank data.
USGS Iron Ore Production and Reserves by Country
USGS Iron Ore Production and Reserves by Country. USGS is the U.S. Geological Survey, and MCS is its annual Mineral Commodity Summaries. Usable ore is mined material that has been prepared to a form suitable for sale or further processing. Gross ore weight counts the whole usable ore, while contained iron counts only the iron inside it. These measures must not be added or compared as if they were the same product. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Usable ore production (gross weight)
Contained iron production
Crude ore reserves
Contained iron reserves
- USGS is the U.S. Geological Survey, and MCS is its annual Mineral Commodity Summaries. Usable ore is mined material that has been prepared to a form suitable for sale or further processing.
- Gross ore weight counts the whole usable ore, while contained iron counts only the iron inside it. These measures must not be added or compared as if they were the same product.
USGS World Iron Ore Production History
USGS World Iron Ore Production History. MYB is the USGS Minerals Yearbook. This chart joins comparable yearbook tables for 2010–2023 and keeps usable-ore weight separate from contained iron. The world total is shown in its own panel so the much larger number does not flatten country lines. A blank country-year means the source did not provide a comparable value, not zero production. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
World usable ore
Major producers — usable ore
World contained iron
Major producers — contained iron
- MYB is the USGS Minerals Yearbook. This chart joins comparable yearbook tables for 2010–2023 and keeps usable-ore weight separate from contained iron.
- The world total is shown in its own panel so the much larger number does not flatten country lines. A blank country-year means the source did not provide a comparable value, not zero production.
USGS World Iron Ore Production Concentration
USGS World Iron Ore Production Concentration. These concentration shares are calculated from USGS Minerals Yearbook production, not published by USGS as a separate indicator. A higher top-three share means global supply is more concentrated in a few countries. The series starts in 2015 because earlier Chinese output was reported on a different crude-ore basis and would distort the comparison. Usable-ore and contained-iron shares remain separate. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Production concentration — usable ore
Major-country shares — usable ore
Production concentration — contained iron
Major-country shares — contained iron
- These concentration shares are calculated from USGS Minerals Yearbook production, not published by USGS as a separate indicator. A higher top-three share means global supply is more concentrated in a few countries.
- The series starts in 2015 because earlier Chinese output was reported on a different crude-ore basis and would distort the comparison. Usable-ore and contained-iron shares remain separate.
USGS Selected-Country Iron Ore Market
USGS Selected-Country Iron Ore Market. MYB is the USGS Minerals Yearbook. The 2023 country table compares production, consumption, exports, imports and reserves for selected major markets. Production, consumption and trade are annual flows, while reserves are a stock that may support many years of mining. Reserves therefore appear in a separate panel even though both use gross metric tons. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Production and consumption
Trade flows
Reserves
- MYB is the USGS Minerals Yearbook. The 2023 country table compares production, consumption, exports, imports and reserves for selected major markets.
- Production, consumption and trade are annual flows, while reserves are a stock that may support many years of mining. Reserves therefore appear in a separate panel even though both use gross metric tons.
World Bank Monthly Iron Ore Spot Price
World Bank Monthly Iron Ore Spot Price. The World Bank Pink Sheet is a widely used public commodity-price dataset. Iron ore fines are small ore particles, and 62% Fe means the benchmark contains about 62% iron by weight. CFR China includes the ore price and freight to a Chinese port; a dry metric ton removes moisture from the weight. The chart starts in 2009 to keep a consistent spot-price basis. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Monthly spot price
- The World Bank Pink Sheet is a widely used public commodity-price dataset. Iron ore fines are small ore particles, and 62% Fe means the benchmark contains about 62% iron by weight.
- CFR China includes the ore price and freight to a Chinese port; a dry metric ton removes moisture from the weight. The chart starts in 2009 to keep a consistent spot-price basis.
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Supply History
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Supply History. DS140 is the USGS long-term historical statistics series. Production is ore mined, shipments are material sent to buyers, and stocks are material held at producers. Apparent consumption is calculated from supply, trade and stock changes rather than by surveying every final user. World production is separated because it is much larger than U.S. measures. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
U.S. production and shipments
U.S. trade
U.S. stocks and apparent consumption
World production
- DS140 is the USGS long-term historical statistics series. Production is ore mined, shipments are material sent to buyers, and stocks are material held at producers.
- Apparent consumption is calculated from supply, trade and stock changes rather than by surveying every final user. World production is separated because it is much larger than U.S. measures.
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Unit Value History
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Unit Value History. The USGS unit value is an annual average value per metric ton from its historical series, not a live spot, port or futures quotation. Nominal values use dollars of each year. Constant-1998 values remove broad inflation so long-run purchasing-power changes are easier to compare. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Unit values
- The USGS unit value is an annual average value per metric ton from its historical series, not a live spot, port or futures quotation.
- Nominal values use dollars of each year. Constant-1998 values remove broad inflation so long-run purchasing-power changes are easier to compare.
USGS Recent U.S. Iron Ore Market
USGS Recent U.S. Iron Ore Market. MCS is the annual USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries. Iron metallics are high-iron feed materials such as direct-reduced iron and hot-briquetted iron, not ordinary mined ore. Apparent consumption is calculated from supply, trade and stock changes. Mine unit value is an annual average value per ton, and employment is shown separately because it uses people rather than tons or dollars. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Iron ore and iron metallics production
Shipments, consumption and stocks
Trade
Mine unit value
Mine employment
- MCS is the annual USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries. Iron metallics are high-iron feed materials such as direct-reduced iron and hot-briquetted iron, not ordinary mined ore.
- Apparent consumption is calculated from supply, trade and stock changes. Mine unit value is an annual average value per ton, and employment is shown separately because it uses people rather than tons or dollars.
USGS Monthly U.S. Iron Ore Operations and Trade
USGS Monthly U.S. Iron Ore Operations and Trade. MIS means the USGS Mineral Industry Surveys, a frequently updated industry report. Production, shipments and producer stocks show different stages of the U.S. ore flow. Imports and exports are border flows measured by gross product weight, not domestic output or final demand. Recent monthly figures can be revised in later reports. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Monthly production, shipments and stocks
Monthly trade
- MIS means the USGS Mineral Industry Surveys, a frequently updated industry report. Production, shipments and producer stocks show different stages of the U.S. ore flow.
- Imports and exports are border flows measured by gross product weight, not domestic output or final demand. Recent monthly figures can be revised in later reports.
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Trade by Product
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Trade by Product. Concentrates are ore upgraded to raise iron content; fine ores are small ore particles; pellets are concentrate formed into hardened balls for steelmaking. ‘Other’ combines remaining product forms. Trade quantity is gross product weight, while unit value is the reported trade value divided by quantity. Read blank quantities as unavailable or rounded in the source, not as confirmed zero. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Product trade quantities
Trade unit values
- Concentrates are ore upgraded to raise iron content; fine ores are small ore particles; pellets are concentrate formed into hardened balls for steelmaking. ‘Other’ combines remaining product forms.
- Trade quantity is gross product weight, while unit value is the reported trade value divided by quantity. Read blank quantities as unavailable or rounded in the source, not as confirmed zero.
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Import Sources
USGS U.S. Iron Ore Import Sources. MCS is the annual USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries. Each bar shows the average share of U.S. iron ore imports supplied by a country during 2021–2024. ‘Other countries’ combines the remaining suppliers. A large share shows U.S. import concentration during this period, not the country's share of world production or reserves. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Import-source share
- MCS is the annual USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries. Each bar shows the average share of U.S. iron ore imports supplied by a country during 2021–2024.
- ‘Other countries’ combines the remaining suppliers. A large share shows U.S. import concentration during this period, not the country's share of world production or reserves.
This data is provided for general informational purposes only and may not be entirely accurate. All investment decisions are solely the responsibility of the investor, and we assume no liability for any losses arising from the use of this data. Please consult a qualified professional if necessary.
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