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Lithium Investment Chart Overview
USGS Long-term U.S. Lithium Supply
USGS Long-term U.S. Lithium Supply. Estimated consumption is a USGS supply-balance estimate of material available to U.S. users, not measured final demand. U.S. production is withheld after 1954, so trade and consumption trends must not be read as a mine-output series. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
U.S. production and estimated consumption
U.S. lithium trade
- Estimated consumption is a USGS supply-balance estimate of material available to U.S. users, not measured final demand.
- U.S. production is withheld after 1954, so trade and consumption trends must not be read as a mine-output series.
USGS World Lithium Production by Reporting Basis
USGS World Lithium Production by Reporting Basis. Gross weight is the mass of lithium-bearing material; Li content is elemental lithium, and LCE converts it to lithium carbonate equivalent. The three bases use separate panels because they are not additive; LCE is a conversion of the same output, not extra production. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
World production — gross weight
World production — lithium content
World production — lithium carbonate equivalent
- Gross weight is the mass of lithium-bearing material; Li content is elemental lithium, and LCE converts it to lithium carbonate equivalent.
- The three bases use separate panels because they are not additive; LCE is a conversion of the same output, not extra production.
USGS Lithium Nominal and Constant-1998 Unit Values
USGS Lithium Nominal and Constant-1998 Unit Values. Nominal unit value uses each year's dollars, while the constant-1998 series adjusts purchasing power to 1998 dollars. This is an annual USGS value per tonne of lithium consumption, not a daily spot quote or a lithium-carbonate price. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Nominal and inflation-adjusted unit values
- Nominal unit value uses each year's dollars, while the constant-1998 series adjusts purchasing power to 1998 dollars.
- This is an annual USGS value per tonne of lithium consumption, not a daily spot quote or a lithium-carbonate price.
USGS Lithium Mine Production and Reserves by Country
USGS Lithium Mine Production and Reserves by Country. Reserves are the economically extractable part of identified lithium resources under conditions at the time of assessment. Production and reserves use separate panels because their scales differ; estimates can be revised in later MCS editions. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Mine production by country
Reserves by country
- Reserves are the economically extractable part of identified lithium resources under conditions at the time of assessment.
- Production and reserves use separate panels because their scales differ; estimates can be revised in later MCS editions.
USGS U.S. Lithium Trade, Carbonate Price and Net Import Reliance
USGS U.S. Lithium Trade, Carbonate Price and Net Import Reliance. Net import reliance is net imports as a share of apparent consumption; symbols such as >50 mean greater than, not exactly 50%. Trade uses tonnes of Li content but price uses a tonne of battery-grade lithium carbonate, so the three panels are not one material basis. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
U.S. lithium imports and exports
Battery-grade lithium carbonate annual average price
Net import reliance
- Net import reliance is net imports as a share of apparent consumption; symbols such as >50 mean greater than, not exactly 50%.
- Trade uses tonnes of Li content but price uses a tonne of battery-grade lithium carbonate, so the three panels are not one material basis.
USGS U.S. Lithium Import Sources
USGS U.S. Lithium Import Sources. Import share measures each direct source country's portion of U.S. lithium imports over the stated multi-year period. The exporting country may differ from the mining origin, and rounded source shares need not reproduce unrounded trade totals. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Import-source shares
- Import share measures each direct source country's portion of U.S. lithium imports over the stated multi-year period.
- The exporting country may differ from the mining origin, and rounded source shares need not reproduce unrounded trade totals.
IEA Lithium Demand Outlook
IEA Lithium Demand Outlook. kt Li means thousand tonnes of lithium content; CPS, STEPS and HDS are alternative policy-demand scenarios. Scenario lines are not additive, and the end-use panel shows STEPS only; these are conditional projections, not guaranteed demand. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Total demand by policy scenario
STEPS demand by end use
- kt Li means thousand tonnes of lithium content; CPS, STEPS and HDS are alternative policy-demand scenarios.
- Scenario lines are not additive, and the end-use panel shows STEPS only; these are conditional projections, not guaranteed demand.
IEA Lithium Mining and Refining Outlook
IEA Lithium Mining and Refining Outlook. Mining extracts lithium-bearing material, while refining converts it into lithium chemicals; leading countries can differ by stage. These are IEA base-case projections from known projects, not guaranteed output, and mining and refining totals must not be added. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Projected mining total
Projected mining by country
Projected refining total
Projected refining by country
- Mining extracts lithium-bearing material, while refining converts it into lithium chemicals; leading countries can differ by stage.
- These are IEA base-case projections from known projects, not guaranteed output, and mining and refining totals must not be added.
IEA 2035 Lithium Expected Supply and Primary Supply Requirements
IEA 2035 Lithium Expected Supply and Primary Supply Requirements. Expected supply reflects announced mine projects, while primary supply requirements are demand net of secondary supply and refining losses. Additional STEPS and HDS values keep the source scenario meaning; they are not whole requirements or values to add to supply cases. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
Expected supply cases
Primary supply requirement cases
- Expected supply reflects announced mine projects, while primary supply requirements are demand net of secondary supply and refining losses.
- Additional STEPS and HDS values keep the source scenario meaning; they are not whole requirements or values to add to supply cases.
USGS World Lithium Production Capacity Outlook
USGS World Lithium Production Capacity Outlook. Production capacity is the maximum potential output from known projects, not the amount mines are expected to produce. USGS reports World capacity for 2022–2029 but country capacity only for 2024, so the chart does not invent national forecasts. Wheel/Pinch=Zoom · Drag=Box zoom · Alt+Drag/Arrows=Pan · Double-click=Reset
World total production capacity, 2022–2029
Production capacity by country in 2024
- Production capacity is the maximum potential output from known projects, not the amount mines are expected to produce.
- USGS reports World capacity for 2022–2029 but country capacity only for 2024, so the chart does not invent national forecasts.
This data is provided for general informational purposes only and may not be entirely accurate. All investment decisions are solely the responsibility of the investor, and we assume no liability for any losses arising from the use of this data. Please consult a qualified professional if necessary.
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